Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a syndrome acute respiratory disease serious that virus Corona acid ribonucleic was detected in Wuhan, China on December 2019. The international commission classified that virus on February 12, 2020, with the name 2019-n CoV.1 This virus give the name Corona because its characters look like 鈥淐oroa鈥 in Portuguese linguage (Covid-19 training Modules MoH, Timor-leste, 2020). Have various name of the Covid-19 as bellow: Corona Virus; Wuhan Coronavirus; COVID-19-nCov acute respiratory disease or Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia. From December 2019 until this research was carried out, the Covid-19 pandemic has become a global problem so many countries have pursued prevention and treatment strategies ranging from washing hands to intensive care in isolation rooms. Total old case 2.314.621, total new case 72.846, death old case is 157.847 and death new case is 5296.
Previous research found the experience of nursing care in Covid-19 patients on 4 topics such as: first; negative emotions arise due to fatigue, discomfort and helplessness caused by high work intensity, second; self-coping patterns include psychological adaptation, third; detection developing pressures compost by increase sens of love and gratitude, professional responsibility development, and self reflection; finally; indicated positive and negative emotion. The coronavirus diseases fast transmited, there is pressure and threats on nurses who provide nursing care to Covid-19 patients.
Nurses around the world present professional principles to perform their duties in all health care facilities. The most important task is to provide nursing care based on ICN standards such as conducting assessments, diagnostic formulations, interventions, implementation and evaluation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the knowledge of nurses; nursing services and the psychological influence of nurses after providing care for Covid-19 patients.
This qualitative design with phenomenological research was conducted at isolation room of Vera Cruz Dili, Timor-Leste between July to october 2020, and 10 nurses who have completed the mission at isolation and have been in quarantine for 14 days. The research variables is the evaluation of the implementation of nursing care and the psychological effects of handling Covid-19 patients.
The results of this study have similarities in the knowledge of nurses about Covid-10 with theory. Nurses have known, understood and applied prevention while serving Covid-19 patients in Vera Cruz. Results of the study lead by said that the cause of Covid-19 is Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), are severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) is not correspondence with this study because some respondents said that the cause of Covid-19 is bacteria. According to other study, the level of knowledge comes from knowing, understanding, applying, analyzing and evaluating. This study focuses on nurses鈥 knowledge of the definition, etiology, signs and symptoms, transmission, prevention and complications, the result is that the majority know and understand Covid-19.
Nurses expressed their feeling that they were newly recruited nurses and had not yet received a clear orientation to begin nursing assessments. According to Nanda in Dalami (2011) states that the criteria for the nursing process 1) are formulated from data analysis, data interpretation, identification of patient problems and the formulation of nursing diagnoses; 2) nursing diagnostic formula P+E+S, the actual diagnosis is formulated from P+E, risks, and potential diagnoses; 3) work more closely with patients, other health workers to validate nursing diagnoses; 4) repeat the assessment and revision of the nursing diagnosis. The results of this study indicate that nurses have not implemented the nursing diagnosis formulation process.
Techniques to determine priority problems using Maslow鈥檚 basic need hierarchy (physiology, comfort, love, self-esteem to self-actualization); emergency problems (life-threatening/health threatening); level of problem (actual, risk, and potential); expectation from patients. Summarize objective criteria and results according to SMART. The result showed that nurses had not yet SMART. The results showed that nurses had not yet compiled a comprehensive nursing action plan in bio, psychosocial, spiritual, and cultural terms. According to Kozier et al, 2010 in Manullang, 2020, this stage of implementation of nursing care is based on planning to meet the patient鈥檚 physical and emotional needs. The results of the study do not correspond to this theory, because nurses do not formulate nursing plans, they only rely on physicians鈥 plans that focus on clinical treatment.
Nurses need to apply criteria such as: 1) making evaluation plans in a comprehensive, timely and sustainable manner; 2) use basic data in assessing the achievement of goals; 3) validating and analyzing new data; 4) collaborating with patients/families to modify nursing care plan; and 5) documenting evaluation results. However, the result of this study is not in line with the concept presented by Nursalam, 2006 regarding the Nursing Note model associated with SOAP.
The results of the study concluded that: there are some nurses who are still confused about the cause of Covid-19, the implementation of nursing care is carried out in general and does not comply with ICN and AETL standards and they experience psychological effects and one nurse who does not experience psychological pressure. Further studies with different study designs and larger sample sizes are needed to know more about other factors that influence nursing care and the psychology effects on post-care nurses serving COVID-19 patients in Vera Cruz isolation room, Dili, Timor-Leste.
Authors: Domingos Soares, Nursalam, Joaquim Gregorio de Carvalho, Maximiano Oqui, Ivonia Barros, Valente da Silva.
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